Articles related to fractional reserve banking
 
Alasdair Macleod - Finance and Eco.
The origin of cycles
It was Karl Marx who was among the first believers that cyclical behaviour was endemic to free markets.He lived through a time when there was a regular cycle of boom and bust, with phases of economic expansion followed by contraction. Workers were employed and then unemployed, and the only way this could be stopped, in Marxian economics, was for the workers to acquire the means of production, or more correctly, the state to do so on their behalf.Other economists, such as Jevons and Wicksell, rec
Sunday, January 24, 2021
Graham Summer - Gains Pains & Capital
The West Will Become The New ‘Third World’: PricewaterhouseCoopers 
Hold your real assets outside of the banking system in one of many private international facilities  -->    https://www.sprottmoney.com/intlstorage  The West Will Become The New ‘Third World’: PricewaterhouseCoopers Written by Jeff Nielson (CLICK HERE FOR ORIGINAL) First World The term “First World” refers to so called developed, capitalist, industrial countries, roughly, a bloc of countries aligned with the United States after word war II, with more or less common political and economi
Sunday, January 17, 2021
Mike Hewitt - Dollar Daze
  America's Forgotten War Against the Central Banks
"Let me issue and control a nation's money supply, and I care not who makes its laws." (Mayer Amschel Rothschild, Founder of Rothschild Banking Dynasty) Many prominent Americans such as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Andrew Jackson have argued and fought against the central banking polices used throughout Europe. A note issued by a central bank, such as the Federal Reserve Note, is bank currency. These notes are given to the government in exchange for an interest-bearing g
Tuesday, January 5, 2021
Frank Shostak
  Why Fractional-Reserve Banking Would Be Limited in an Unhampered Market 
The so-called multiplier arises as a result of the fact that banks are legally permitted to use money that is placed in demand deposits. Banks treat this type of money as if it was loaned to them, thus loaning it out while simultaneously allowing depositors to spend that money.RELATED: "Austrians, Fractional Reserves, and the Money Multiplier" by Robert BatemarcoFor example, if John places $100 in demand deposit at Bank One he doesn't relinquish his claim over the deposited $100. He has unlimite
Tuesday, December 22, 2020
Antal E. Fekete - Gold University
Fractional Reserve Banking Revisited
"Fractional reserve banking" is a misnomer as it suggests that part of the money created through the loan process is backed by nothing. In reality, the part not backed by gold reserve is fully backed by a bank asset called self-liquidating bill of exchange (bill for short). As Mises himself would admit, bills are capable of monetary circulation (as they did indeed circulate in the Manchester area that lay outside the boundaries of the monopoly of the Bank of England in the 19th century).
Sunday, December 20, 2020
Frank Shostak
Inflation Is Not About Price Increases
There is almost complete unanimity among economists and various commentators that inflation is about general increases in the prices of goods and services. From this it is established that anything that contributes to price increases sets in motion inflation.A fall in unemployment or a rise in economic activity is seen as a potential inflationary trigger. Some other triggers, such as rises in commodity prices or workers’ wages, are also regarded as potential threats.If inflation is just a genera
Monday, November 16, 2020
Alasdair Macleod - Finance and Eco.
The fiat money quantity (FMQ) 
Summary : This paper seeks to establish a measure of currency quantity that helps economists identify and estimate the risk that confidence in fiat currencies might be significantly eroded or even vanish altogether. It is this phenomenon that was referred to in the great European currency inflations of the 1920s as Katastrophenhausse, or a crack-up boom, when ordinary people lose all confidence in a fiat currency, disposing of it as rapidly as possible instead preferring ownership of goods.This is
Thursday, September 17, 2020
Antal E. Fekete - Gold University
The Invention Of Discounting

Sunday, August 23, 2020
Antal E. Fekete - Gold University
  The Second Greatest Story Ever Told 
Fable has it that paper currency came into being as warehouse receipts issued by the goldsmith against gold left on deposit for safe-keeping. The owners found that they could make purchases with these warehouse receipts as easily as with gold coins. Then the goldsmith went on lending out at interest his fictitious warehouse receipts. According to this fable, the fraudulent business of the goldsmith in issuing warehouse receipts against non-existent gold was the embryonic form of the fractional-reserve banking of today.
Sunday, August 2, 2020
Thorsten Polleit
  The Fiasco of Fiat Money 
I. Today's worldwide paper-, or "fiat-," money regime is an economically and socially destructive scheme — with far-reaching and seriously harmful economic and societal consequences, effects that extend beyond what most people would imagine. Fiat money is inflationary; it benefits a few at the expense of many others; it causes boom-and-bust cycles; it leads tooverindebtedness; it corrupts society's morals; and it will ultimately end in a depression on a grand scale.
Saturday, July 11, 2020
Frank Shostak
  Why Wage Growth Is So Weak 
The yearly growth rate of average hourly earnings in production and non-supervisory employment in the private sector eased to 2.3% in June from 2.4% in May.Many experts are puzzled by the subdued increase in workers earnings. After all, it is held the US economy has been in an expansionary phase for quite some time now. Softer real output growth important reason why hourly earnings remain under pressureAccording to the US Government’s own data, since 2000, in terms of industrial producti
Friday, June 19, 2020
Frank Shostak
How Much Money should there be  
Most economists believe that a growing economy requires a growing money stock, on grounds that growth gives rise to a greater demand for money which must be accommodated. Failing to do so, it is maintained, will lead to a decline in the prices of goods and services, which in turn will destabilize the economy and lead to an economic recession-or, even worse, depression
Saturday, June 6, 2020
Robert Blumen - 24hgold
Real Bills, Phony Wealth 
"The masses are misled by the assertions of the pseudo-experts,” wrote Mises, “that cheap money can make them prosperous at no expense whatever.” The damage that this inflationary fallacy has done to our monetary institutions cannot be over-estimated. In spite of efforts by classical and Austrian economists to refute it, it refuses to die. It has been resurrected under many guises, but all with the same error at its core: that printing money can create real wealth.
Wednesday, May 13, 2020
Edwin Vieira - GATA
Silver and Gold Guarantee Freedom 
Silver and gold are not merely valuable commodities, investments, and media of exchange. More importantly, they are key "checks and balances" in America's legal and political institutions. The fight against the use of silver and gold as money that has been waged by bankers and rogue politicians since the 1870s as to silver and the 1930s as to gold -- and will intensify as fiat currencies collapse throughout the world -- is ultimately directed against America's national independence, her constitutional government, and every common American's individual liberty and prosperity.
Monday, April 20, 2020
Mike Hewitt - Dollar Daze
America's Forgotten War Against the Central Banks
In order to pay debts incurred from the Seven Years War with France, King George III of England sought to heavily tax the colonies in America. In 1742, the British Resumption Act required that taxes and other debts be paid in gold.
Saturday, April 11, 2020
Frank Shostak
Is Money Creation Fueling the Stock Market Surge
Is it true that changes in money supply are an important driving force behind changes in the stock price indexes?Intuitively it makes sense to argue that an increase in the growth rate of money supply should strengthen the growth rate in stock prices.Conversely, a fall in the growth rate of money supply should slow down the growth momentum of stock prices. Some economists who follow the footsteps of the post-Keynesian (PK) school of economics have questioned the importance of money in driving st
Wednesday, February 21, 2018
Stewart Thomson - Graceland Update
Gold's Golden Week
I’ve noted that when China’s markets go quiet during the “Golden Week” holiday, the gold price tends to soften. This is the key gold chart. Price softness is expected during this holiday, and the good news is that it is occurring on very light volume. The bears would argue there’s a small double top in play, while the bulls have an inverse head and shoulders bottom pattern on their team. A bull flag pattern may also have formed. I’ve told investors to expect a substantial battle between the
Tuesday, February 20, 2018
Andy Hoffman - Miles Franklin
The Right Question…
Last week I mentioned that my grandson Josh (Andy’s boy) was accepted at McGill University in Montreal, the University of Indiana’s business school and the University of Michigan.  He is interested in pursuing a degree in business and is taking all the requisite (advanced) classes in economics. He called me yesterday and asked me, “Which Fed Policy would be better, Quantitative Easing or Tapering and what can be done to make things better?”  Geese Louise!  When I was his age the only question I
Wednesday, February 14, 2018
Alasdair Macleod - Finance and Eco.
When will the next credit crisis occur
The timing of any credit crisis is set by the rate at which the credit cycle progresses. People don’t think in terms of the credit cycle, wrongly believing it is a business cycle. The distinction is important, because a business cycle by its name suggests it emanates from business. In other words, the cycle of growth and recessions is due to instability in the private sector and this is generally believed by state planners and central bankers.This is untrue, because cycles of business activity h
Sunday, February 11, 2018
Andy Hoffman - Miles Franklin
We Did It To Ourselves! It’s Time for Change.
Serious problems affect Americans. Problems first, solutions at the end! We did what to ourselves? Our representatives, senators, and Presidents, supposedly acting on our behalf, voted for and created what history has shown are huge monetary and fiscal mistakes. Some will disagree, but consider this partial list: 1 – Central banking and The Federal Reserve Act:  Enough money was spread around Washington D.C. to purchase the passage of this self-serving banking monstrosity. It was signed into law
Tuesday, February 6, 2018
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