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Investors are worried
that this summer will witness a repeat of the summer debacles of 2010 and
2011. The stock market has itself vulnerable to negative news from overseas
as well as earnings disappointments. Is the market’s recent behavior a
portent of worse things to come? In this commentary we’ll try and
determine whether the market will fulfill the bears’ expectations or disappoint
them.
During the last two
summers the stock market was vulnerable to the initial flare-up of the Greek
debt crisis. The 2010 summer decline was of course initially catalyzed by the
“flash crash” on Wall Street. This summer we have a major
election on the immediate horizon with an incumbent president seeking
re-election. This fact alone points to a concerted effort on the part of
vested interests at keeping the financial market as stable as possible
heading into November.
A good place to start in
our quest at finding an historical pattern similar to the market environment
we’re currently in is the year 2004. You’ll recall that 2004 had
the distinction of being a presidential election year with a sitting
president seeking re-election, much like today. There was also a similar
level of broad market weakness during the spring and summer of that year.
The SPX initially
bottomed in May ’04 and made a rather sloppy looking attempt at a
double bottom with a slightly lower low by early August – just in time
for “election season” to begin. From that point the SPX took off,
zooming up to a new high by the November election and commencing the bull
market that began the year before. Not surprisingly, the incumbent president won re-election.
 
The 2004 pattern is also
instructive in that the SPX made its initial high in March before
experiencing a 5-month correction. This year the market also peaked in March
and has experienced a 3 ½-month correction to date. Although some
additional “correction” work may be needed to complete the
bottoming pattern, I’ll reiterate that I don’t believe a re-test
of the June 1 low is needed. Also, based on the weekly cycles I don’t believe
it’s necessary that the current bottoming/correction pattern needs to
be dragged out until early August as it was in 2004. If the current internal
momentum currents are any guide, the current bottoming pattern could be
complete in just a few more days.
The 4-year so-called
“presidential cycle” teaches us that if
a stock market correction continues past the month of August, an incumbent
president (or the political party of a sitting president) is in trouble. For
instance, in the 2000 election the sitting president – a Democrat
– was leaving office. His successor ended up losing a closely contested
race which was ultimately (and infamously) decided by the Supreme Court. The
stock market, however, gave a clue as to who would win the race before it was
decided. Both the Dow and the S&P tumbled in September and October 2000
ahead of the election, which helped turned the tide of public opinion against
the Democrats and gave the Republicans the advantage.
The opposite was true in
the presidential election of 1996. In that year, the incumbent president was
a Democrat and he easily won re-election. His victory was sealed when,
despite a summer correction, the S&P rallied in September and October
right up into the election.
 
Let’s look at
another example of this 4-year presidential cycle phenomenon. Back in 1992
the incumbent president running for re-election was a Republican. The race
was actually a 3-way race with an independent candidate involved, and it was
actually fairly close heading into Election Day. What ultimately did the
incumbent in, however, was the perception that the economy was weak and
getting weaker. This was underscored by investors’ focus on the
August-October 1993 decline in the Dow Industrials. This essentially sealed
the president’s fate as he lost in November.
 
Two more election years
are worth mentioning. The election year 1988 saw the traditional July-August
stumble in the stock market before a September-October rally to a new high
for the year heading into the November election. The incumbent party
(Republicans) won the presidential election that year. In election year 1984
the stock market was weak from January through the end of July. But a sharp
rally which began in August and culminated during election week of November
that year assured the incumbent president of a re-election victory, per the
historical pattern.
In view of the 4-year
presidential cycle considerations listed above, it’s unlikely that the
current regime will allow a sell-off the magnitude of either the May-July
2010 decline or the July-August 2011 mini crash. A worst case scenario for
summer 2012 would be the summer 2004 stock market pattern mentioned earlier.
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