Gold’s legacy told indelibly in one
straightforward chart
Few Americans know that, just after World War II, the
United States owned most of the gold bullion on earth – about 22,000 metric
tonnes. In fact by 1945, it owned over 80% of the gold held by nation-states
and central banks – an impressive display of economic power. Now it owns just
over 8000 metric tonnes, which represents about 42% of the total global reserve.
The lost 14,000 tonnes were expended in defense of the
$35 per ounce gold benchmark price established under the 1944 Bretton Woods
Agreement. In addition to the fixed price of gold, the U.S dollar came to
represent a fixed weight of gold, i.e., 1/35th of a troy ounce, and the rest
of the world’s currencies were then pegged to the dollar. The United States
agreed under Bretton Woods to redeem gold from the other signatories at the
rate of $35 per ounce should any of the participants determine that gold
might be a better alternative for a portion of their reserves than U.S.
dollars. “The dollar,” American policy makers were wont to say, “was as good
as gold.”
Germany, France get the idea dollar not as good as gold
All proceeded in orderly fashion with little in the way
of redemptions from the massive U.S. stockpile until the 1960s. Then a group
of European nation-states, led by Germany and France, got the idea that U.S.
inflationist economic policies had undermined the dollar, making gold a
bargain at $35 per ounce. In other words, they came to the conclusion that
the dollar was not as good as gold. Steadily, over a decade long
period, they exchanged dollars for gold at the U.S. Treasury’s gold window.
By the early 1970s, 14,000 tonnes of gold – or 64% of the stockpile – had
departed the U.S. Treasury for European shores never to return.
In 1971 President Richard Nixon finally decided enough
was enough. He closed the so-called gold window, devalued the dollar against
gold, and freed the greenback to trade at market prices against other
currencies. Fully abrogating the Bretton Woods Agreement, Nixon declared, in
one of the more famous quotes of his presidency, “we are all Keynsians now.”
The era of global fiat money, with a fiat U.S. dollar as its centerpiece, had
begun.
Had the United States refrained from its defense of the
$35 benchmark, it would still own about 75% of the present 29,000 tonne
global gold reserve. As it is, Nixon’s revocation of the Bretton Woods
architecture set the stage for the modern gold market. You can see the result
in the chart immediately below. From it, I can draw three conclusions:
–– First, we are now in the 46th year of a super-cycle,
secular bull market in gold that began in 1971 – a bull market directly tied
to the fate of the now fiat U.S. dollar.
–– Second, the very same conditions which created that
bull market are still in place today – nothing has changed fundamentally.
–– Third, as long as the same cause and effect remain in
place, we can assume gold will continue to make sense as a long-term
portfolio hedge.
Some will agree with those conclusions. Some will not.
Some are on the learning curve, and it is to that group this piece is largely
addressed.
Chart courtesy of GoldChartsRUs/Nick Laird with thanks
In the end, it is the times that need to be
hedged
Those who do not agree with those conclusions, it has
been my experience, will continue to put their faith in the stock and bond
markets and ignore the precious metals. There is no amount of persuasion that
will convince them to do otherwise, and to try is pretty much a waste of
time. Most importantly, whether they care to acknowledge it or not, they will
put their faith ultimately in the federal government and the Federal Reserve.
Those who do agree will continue to hedge their
portfolios with the precious metals, just in case the long history of
economic breakdowns beginning with 1971 repeats itself yet again. To this
group, the proper diversification is a small price to pay, a matter of
practical financial planning that, in these times, provides some much-needed
peace of mind. As for an end game to all this, they will keep in mind one of
history’s immutable lessons – sometimes the problems become too large for the
government and central bank to control.
For those on the learning curve, a post I made at the
USAGOLD blog recently titled “Historical inevitability and gold and silver ownership – In the
end it’s the times that need to be hedged” would
be an informative follow-up to what you just read, another piece in the
puzzle. It got significant play on the wider internet and speaks to the
possibilities of an end game from the perspective of Strauss and Howe’s
fourth turning.
You have just read the lead article for the September edition of News
& Views – USAGOLD’s monthly newsletter. To gain immediate,
FREE access to the rest of the newsletter, we invite you to to sign-up here. In this
month’s chart rich edition, we cover the ‘quiet’ summer rally in gold and
silver; the dramatic shift in central banks’ role in the gold market since
the 2008 financial crisis; the relevance of the upcoming Shanghai Exchange
oil futures contract convertible to gold. . . .and more. All
from the perspective of the gold owner.
One more chart for those who want the complete picture:
Chart courtesy of GoldChartsRUs/Nick Laird with thanks
by Michael J. Kosares
Author, The ABCs of Gold Investing: How To Protect and Build Your Wealth
With Gold
Founder, USAGOLD
